Methanol is well known and toxic. Industrial alcohol contains about 4% methanol. If it is used as edible alcohol by illegal elements to make fake wine, it will produce methanol poisoning after drinking. The lethal dose of methanol is about 70 ml.

　　甲醇的毒性對人體的神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)和血液系統(tǒng)影響很大，它經(jīng)消化道、呼吸道或皮膚攝入都會產(chǎn)生毒性反應(yīng)，甲醇蒸氣能損害人的呼吸道粘膜和視力。在甲醇生產(chǎn)工廠，有關(guān)部門規(guī)定，空氣甲醇的濃度限制為PC-stel=50mg/m3，PC-TWA=25mg/m3，在有甲醇氣的現(xiàn)場工作須戴防毒面具、工廠廢水要處理后才能排放，允許含量小于200mg/L的甲醇。

　　The toxicity of methanol has a great influence on the nervous system and blood system of human body. Intake of methanol through digestive tract, respiratory tract or skin can produce toxic reactions. Methanol vapor can damage human respiratory mucosa and visual acuity. In methanol production plants, the relevant authorities in China stipulate that the concentration of methanol in the air is limited to PC-stel=50mg/m3, PC-TWA=25mg/m3. In the presence of methanol, gas masks must be worn in the field work, and the waste water of the plant must be treated before discharging, allowing methanol with a content of less than 200mg/L.

　　甲醇的中毒機理是，甲醇經(jīng)人體代謝產(chǎn)生甲醛和甲酸（俗稱蟻酸），然后對人體產(chǎn)生傷害。常見的癥狀是，先是產(chǎn)生喝醉的感覺，數(shù)小時后頭痛，惡心，嘔吐，以及視線模糊。嚴(yán)重者會失明，乃喪命。失明的原因：甲醇的代謝產(chǎn)物甲酸累積在眼睛部位，破壞視覺神經(jīng)細胞。腦神經(jīng)也會受到破壞，而產(chǎn)生長久性損害。甲酸進入血液后，會使組織酸性越來越強，損害腎臟導(dǎo)致腎衰竭。

　　The poisoning mechanism of methanol is that methanol is metabolized by human body to produce formaldehyde and formic acid (commonly known as formic acid), and then harmful to human body. Common symptoms are drunkenness, headache, nausea, vomiting, and blurred vision hours later. Serious people will lose their sight or even their lives. Causes of blindness: Formic acid, a metabolite of methanol, accumulates in the eye and destroys visual nerve cells. Brain nerves can also be damaged, resulting in long-term damage. When formic acid enters the blood, it makes the tissue more acidic, damages the kidney and leads to kidney failure.